Supercritical Flow over a Submerged Vertical Negative Step

The transition from supercritical to subcritical flow around a fully submerged abrupt negative step in horizontal rectangular open channel has been investigated. In laboratory experiment the one-dimensional energy and momentum conservation equations were studied by means of depth pressure measurements piezometers installed along bottom face. Froude number varied range 1.9 5.8 while height critical ratio was 1.34 2.56. results are presented dimensionless form using mainly characteristic length scale that is sum upstream. Five different types rapidly varying observed when downstream tailwater varied. water jet at top either strikes maximum head greater, or moves surface it lower than depth, separation two regimes occurs 1.05. normalized loss closure parameter for equation diagrams practical use design engineer. Finally, motion including Boussinesq terms solved numerically found congruent experimental findings.